Why your baby can get a UTI and how to prevent it

Yes, you heard it right, that babies can get UTIs.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common health issue in children, particularly in babies and toddlers.

UTIs can cause discomfort, pain, and if left untreated, can lead to more serious health complications.

One of the most overlooked causes of UTIs in babies is dirty diapers.

While there are other contributing factors, maintaining good hygiene and understanding the risks can significantly reduce the likelihood of a UTI.

Those dirty diapers

Dirty diapers, particularly those that are left on for too long, can be a major contributor to urinary tract infections in babies.

Here is how they can increase the risk:

·Bacterial growth: When a diaper is wet or soiled, it creates a warm, moist environment which is an ideal breeding ground for bacteria.

Faecal matter can also contain harmful bacteria such as E. Coli, which can easily transfer from the diaper to the urinary tract, leading to an infection.

·Skin irritation and rash: Prolonged contact with urine and stool can irritate the delicate skin around a baby's genital area, causing diaper rash.

Broken or irritated skin can provide a pathway for bacteria to enter the urinary tract, increasing the chances of a UTI.

·Increased risk in girls: According to Dr Jacinta of Plain's View Hospital, girls are more prone to UTIs than boys due to the shorter length of their urethra. Jacinta says that this makes it easier for bacteria to travel to the bladder.

If a dirty diaper is not changed on time, after the poop, bacteria from the stool can easily enter the urethra, leading to an infection.

Other causes of UTIs in children

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While dirty diapers are a common cause of UTIs in babies, several other factors can contribute to urinary tract infections in children.

Understanding these causes can help parents take proactive steps to protect their children.

Poor hygiene: In addition to dirty diapers, poor hygiene habits, such as not wiping properly after using the toilet, can increase the risk of UTIs.

For girls, wiping from back to front can accidentally transfer bacteria from the anus to the urethra, increasing the risk of infection.

Constipation: When a child is constipated, their bowel movements can put pressure on the bladder, which can lead to incomplete emptying of the bladder. This can create a breeding ground for bacteria, which may cause a UTI.

Holding urine: Encouraging a child to delay urination or holding their urine for long periods can lead to bladder infections. The longer urine stays in the bladder, the more time bacteria have to multiply, increasing the chances of infection.

Using bubble baths and strong scented soaps: For girls, bubble baths, scented soaps or other irritating chemicals can cause inflammation in the urinary tract, making it more susceptible to infection.

It is recommended to use mild, or fragrance-free soaps and avoid overly hot water during bath time.

Underlying medical conditions: Certain medical conditions such as urinary tract abnormalities, diabetes, or weak immune systems can make children more prone to UTIs.

Children with a history of UTIs or conditions like vesicoureteral reflux (a condition where urine flows backwards into the kidneys are at higher risk.

Symptoms of UTIs in children

Recognising the symptoms of a UTI early can prevent complications.

Common signs in babies and young children include:

·Fever

·Irritability and fussiness

·Difficulty feeding or a decrease in appetite

·Frequent urination or accidents

·Strong-smelling, cloudy or bloody urine

·Pain or discomfort during urination

·Vomiting or abdominal pain

In older children, symptoms may also include back or pelvic pain and they may complain of a burning sensation during urination.

To prevent these symptoms, ensure you change the diapers frequently, practice good hygiene, and choose good diapers that are absorbent, because they are less likely to irritate the skin.

Use unscented wipes or soaps during bath time and ensure adequate hydration to flush out toxins and bacteria.

If a child shows signs of a UTI, it is important to seek medical advice promptly to avoid complications.