Africa to become home to world’s second-largest urban population after Asia by 2050

Africa to become home to world’s second-largest urban population after Asia by 2050

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Nigeria and Egypt are projected to record the continent’s largest urban populations by 2050, with both countries expected to rank among the world’s top ten countries with the largest urban populations.

Africa is set to undergo one of the fastest urban transformations globally, with its urban population projected to double by 2050, making the continent home to the world’s second-largest urban population after Asia.
Projections by Africapolis, a research tool developed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), show Africa’s urban population will increase by 704 million people over the next three decades, rising from about 700 million currently to 1.4 billion by 2050.
The surge will be driven by overall population growth, with Africa’s total population expected to reach 2.2 billion by 2050. About 80 per cent of this growth will occur in urban areas, accelerating the continent’s transition towards a predominantly urban population.
Asia is projected to remain the continent with the largest urban population globally, with about 3.5 billion urban residents by 2050. 
“Africa’s urban transition poses both an urgent challenge and an unparalleled opportunity,” the report notes.
The share of Africans living in cities will also increase significantly, rising from 54 per cent in 2020 to 65 per cent by 2050.
This means that two out of every three Africans will live in cities by mid-century.
Only 12 African countries, mainly in West Africa, are expected to have urbanisation levels below 50 per cent by 2050.
The growth will be particularly pronounced in Africa’s largest economies.
Nigeria and Egypt are projected to record the continent’s largest urban populations by 2050, with both countries expected to rank among the world’s top ten countries with the largest urban populations.
Nigeria’s urban population is forecast to reach about 250 million people, placing it fourth globally, while Egypt is projected to have an urban population of about 147 million, also securing a place among the global top ten.
The rapid rise in urban populations will be accompanied by the expansion of urban settlements across the continent.
Africapolis projects that the number of urban agglomerations in Africa will increase from about 9,000 in 2020 to more than 11,000 by 2050.
By then, Africa is expected to have 159 urban agglomerations with populations exceeding one million people and 17 megacities with more than 10 million inhabitants.
However, the report warns that managing this growth will require significant investment in infrastructure, including housing, transport systems, commercial facilities, schools, healthcare and public services.

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